| ends
and means and the individual is
part of a group of briefing documents on the socially destructive amorality
common in cult socialism and some other social domains |
| ends and means and the
individual |
related item: the just war |
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“Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour”
[Exodus, 20 : 16]
“The end justifies the means”
introduction
I am led in my continuing analysis of generalised socialist
cult members to examine the belief in “the
end justifing the means” by which socialists
at large often tend to believe it to be perfectly
legitimate to lie and otherwise ethically misbehave
in pursuit of their cult objectives. I was also interested
to try and find the origin of the phrase.
Most cult members seem to have a ‘moral blindspot’
to understanding why normal people raised in a christianist
society revile socialist cult members so readily.
At the heart of socialism is the belief that the collective
takes precedence over the individual, whereas
christianist theology/philosophy puts ultimate value and responsibility
in the individual. This is at the core of the implacable
war against socialism emanating
from Rome. As you will notice, the quotes from
a christianist or jewish background regard lying as
a sin, whereas  socialist writers regard lying as justified
in pursuit of their ant-hill cult. |
Machiavelli
To Machiavelli (1469-1527) is often
attributed the statement, “the good end justifies
the means”. I am not aware of him using that
phrase, even in Italian, but the idea is the thing.
It is for this reason that Machiavelli is on the catholic
Index (list of banned books). However, The Prince remains a book that any
educated person should read if they intend to progress
in understanding society.
Here is an actual quote from Machiavelli:
“Therefore it is unnecessary for a prince
to have all the good qualities I have enumerated,
but it is very necessary to appear to have them.
And I shall dare to say this also, that to have
them and always to observe them is injurious, and
that to appear to have them is useful; to appear
merciful, faithful, humane, religious, upright,
and to be so, but with a mind so framed that should
you require not to be so, you may be able and know
how to change to the opposite.
“And you have to understand this, that a
prince, especially a new one, cannot observe all
those things for which men are esteemed, being often
forced, in order to maintain the state, to act contrary
to fidelity, friendship, humanity, and religion.
Therefore it is necessary for him to have a mind
ready to turn itself accordingly as the winds and
variations of fortune force it, yet, as I have said
above, not to diverge from the good if he can avoid
doing so, but, if compelled, then to know how to
set about it.” [The Prince, chapter
18]
And another:
“[...] a prince wishing to keep his state
is very often forced to do evil [...]” [The
Prince, chapter 19]
Socialism
and Islam
As touched on above, a major problem christianist
societies have with Socialism and Islam is a conflict
over the notion of the individual; another is the
socialist/Islamic belief that “the end justifies
the means”. No libertarian can accept such a
dogma that puts the individual as a tool of the collective.
from Islamic
authoritarianism:
lying [from islamreview.com] [1]
Is Iran hiding a nuclear weapon
program?
How is one to negotiate and form agreements with
people who justify lying?
The site quoted immediately before is Christianist.
However, the claims are not dissimilar from items
on Islam-oriented sites. For instance, on
lying [from al-islam.org, three pages, heavily
referenced]. [1]
For further background on Socialist manipulation
, see emotion
versus reason.
Brandeis
“To declare that in the administration of
criminal law the end justifies the means - to declare
that the Government may commit crimes in order to
secure conviction of a private criminal - would
bring terrible retribution.”
Louis D. Brandeis (1856-1941)
“[A member of the American Supreme Court
Justice, Brandeis was] a strong Liberal voice on
the court for the remainder of his tenure, playing
a major role in the creation of Franklin Roosevelt's
New Deal, and consistently supporting the causes
of free speech, the right to privacy, and the reform
of labor laws.”
More comments from Brandeis:
“We can either have democracy in this country
or we can have great wealth concentrated in the
hands of a few, but we can't have both.”
“No danger flowing from speech can be deemed
clear and present unless the incidence of the evil
apprehended is so imminent that it may befall before
there is an opportunity for full discussion. Only
an emergency can justify repression.”
“In the frank expression of
conflicting opinions lies the greatest promise of
wisdom in governmental action.”
Brandeis was from a secular Jewish background, and
later took an interest in zionism.
Bernanos
Georges Bernanos (1888-1948) was
a French catholic and a catholic writer:
“The first sign of corruption in a society
that is still alive is that the end justifies the
means.”
Also from Bernanos:
“A thought which does not result in an action
is nothing much, and an action which does not proceed
from a thought is nothing at all.”
Koestler
“Politics can be relatively fair in the breathing
spaces of history; at
its critical turning points there is no other rule
possible than the old
one, that the end justifies the means.”
Arthur Koestler (1905-1983)
Arthur Koestler was a Hungarian novelist, journalist,
and critic. In Berlin between 1931-1938, he was a
member of the Communist Party. He was also a propagator
of ‘parapsychology’! Koestler also has
other ‘strangenesses’ and adventures with
his life.
Trotsky
“The end may justify the means as long as
there is something that justifies the end.”
Leon Trotsky (1879-1940)
Leon Trotsky was a Russian Communist theorist and
agitator, and a leader in Russia's October Revolution
in 1917.
Lenin
“To speak the truth is a petit-bourgeois
habit, a luxury of worry-free and aimless people.
To lie, on the contrary, is often justified by the
lie’s aim.”
People and Portraits: A Tragic Cycle,
1966, by Georges (Yuri) Annenkov [1889-1974]
Rand
“The end does not justify the means. No
one's rights can be secured by the violation of
the rights of others.”
Ayn Rand (1905-82 )
Ayn Rand was a virulent anti-communist. |
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Dewey
John Dewey (1859-1952). This
site contains much discussion and criticism of
Dewey. He was a communist.
“Dewey's life-theme was to destroy in men's
minds the idea of the individual. Working towards
that goal, he promoted the kind of education that
would create docile men easily ruled, and he promoted
the kind of government that would do the ruling
- a statist government where any "recalcitrant
minority" would be dealt with by violence.
He called the destruction of the individual "new
individualism," his homogenizing educational
theory "progressive education," and his
ideal socialist/fascist government variously "democracy,"
"socialism," and "democratic socialism.”
—
“The following is from Dewey's essay "Means
and Ends" which he submitted to the communist
journal The New International (subtitled: "A
Monthly Organ of Revolutionary Marxism") and
which was published in vol. 4, Aug. 1938 page 232
(Later Works, vol. 13 page 349). Dewey discusses
an earlier essay in the same journal by Trotsky.
“Since Mr. Trotsky also indicates that the
only alternative position to the idea that the end
justifies the means is some form of absolutistic
ethics based on ... some brand of eternal truths,
I wish to say that I write from a standpoint that
rejects all such doctrines as definitely as does
Mr. Trotsky himself, and that I hold that the end
in the sense of consequences provides the only basis
for moral ideas and action, and therefore provides
the only justification that can be found for means
employed. (Page 350.)
[This justifies those means]
" which really leads to the liberation of
mankind" (Dewey quoting Trotsky, page 351).”
—
“Don't be fooled by the word "liberation"
- the meaning here is establishing a socialist government....”
Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274). Italian priest, follower of Aristotle's ideas and often regarded as the Catholic Church's greatest theologian and philosopher.
"[...] and insofar as it [human law] deviates from right reason it is called unjust law; in such cases it is no law at all but rather a species of violence.
Summa theologiae, Ia-Ilae, q. xciii, art. 3, ad 2m.
End
notes
- The origin of the
phrase “The end justifies the means”
is unknown. It certainly appears as far back as
the Latin writer, Ovid [43 BC – AD 17/18]:
“Exitus acta probat” [from Heroides (The Heroines), II, 85; probably written
between 25 and 16 BC].
Of course, being written in a now dead language,
there are many translations. Here are the most prevalent:
- The result validates the deeds. [the most frequent
translation found]
- The result justifies the deed
- The ends justify the means.
- Machiavelli,
Niccolo
The Prince
(pbk,1984, Bantam Classic and Loveswept,
0553212788) $3.16 [amazon.com] {advert}
(pbk, 1995, Everyman Paperbacks, 0460876295) £2.39 [amazon.co.uk] {advert}
For a more realistic understanding
of human society. A must read for any aware individual.
- Machiavelli does say “one judges by the result”. Note, he does not say the end justifies the means, he says others will judge actions by results, when here he is referring to the mass.
“For this reason a prince ought to take care that he never lets anything slip from his lips that is not replete with the above-named five qualities, that he may appear to him who sees and hears him altogether merciful, faithful, humane, upright, and religious. There is nothing more necessary to appear to have than this last quality, inasmuch as men judge generally more by the eye than by the hand, because it belongs to everybody to see you, to few to come in touch with you. Every one sees what you appear to be, few really know what you are, and those few dare not oppose themselves to the opinion of the many, who have the majesty of the state to defend them; and in the actions of all men, and especially of princes, which it is not prudent to challenge, one judges by the result.” [The Prince, chapter XVIII]
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